International Sports Sciences Association (ISSA) Trainer Practice Exam

What impact does high HDL cholesterol have on coronary heart disease risk?

1. It increases the risk of coronary heart disease

2. It has no effect on coronary heart disease risk

3. It decreases the risk of coronary heart disease

4. It only affects blood pressure

The correct answer is: It has no effect on coronary heart disease risk

High levels of HDL (high-density lipoprotein) cholesterol are generally considered to have a protective effect against coronary heart disease (CHD). HDL cholesterol is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove other forms of cholesterol from your bloodstream, particularly low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, which is associated with a higher risk of heart disease. When HDL levels are high, there is an association with a decreased risk of developing coronary heart disease. This is largely because HDL facilitates the transport of cholesterol to the liver for excretion, thus potentially reducing the buildup of arterial plaque. In this context, higher HDL levels contribute to improved cardiovascular health and a lower risk of heart disease. On the other hand, asserting that it has no effect or that it increases the risk simplifies a complex relationship. Research has consistently shown that higher HDL is correlated with lower cardiovascular risk outcomes, making the claim that high HDL has no effect on coronary heart disease risk inaccurate. Additionally, while blood pressure is an important health metric, it is not the only focus when discussing cholesterol's impact on heart disease, making it an incomplete option. Understanding the role of HDL cholesterol in cardiovascular health is crucial for anyone preparing for the ISSA Trainer Exam or working in fitness